走過光輝歲月 曼德拉病逝 ! {5 F8 |$ M, J; P. Z) Y- |; y9 K! E* R: w
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南非前總統曼德拉昨晚在約翰內斯堡的寓所安祥去世,享年95歲。TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。5 t9 T0 _+ Y9 L i* C
南非總統祖馬在電視講話中宣布這項消息 。, [& p5 G) C3 I, G* n2 N# f
! ~+ ]3 z2 A! U曼德拉為享譽全球的民權鬥士,曾被奉行種族隔離政策的南非白人政府囚禁27年;他於1993年獲頒諾貝爾和平奬,94年獲票選成為南非首位黑人總統。曼德拉是20世紀最偉大的政治家之一,畢生致力終結南非的種族隔離,為南非建立一個真正平等的多元種族民主政體。 / Q2 x6 Y: Z& C( _5.39.217.76 * w5 Y/ q0 y8 H3 j+ I- @2 t1 P' n# zTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。曼德拉1918年7月18號生於特蘭斯凱的Thembu族酋長家庭,被指定為酋長繼承人,但他放棄「皇位」,並為逃離盲婚啞嫁出走,到約翰內斯堡的大學攻讀法律,並偕同友人Oliver Tambo設立了南非首家黑人律師行。1944年,36歲的曼德拉加入反種族隔離組織非洲民族議會(African National Congress, ANC)。 # ?& k3 T7 u# nTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。9 w' M) o8 h* Y! d `/ F- M 反種族隔離 煽動罪下獄 % N4 g2 e9 E* ?% E5.39.217.76 8 X& E i) l* D+ I5.39.217.76南非數百年來均由來自荷蘭、英國等地的白人殖民者掌權,剝奪黑人權利,以保持白人經濟優勢及領導的種族隔離政策,早於殖民時代已有;20世紀初南非獨立後,只佔18%人口的白人仍掌控南非政治和所有經濟環節,「種族隔離」更於1948年正式成為國策。TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。4 m' w2 n; O* j9 n/ A+ }0 T
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曼德拉領導ANC,以非暴力形式反對種族隔離,但政府屢對示威群眾暴力鎮壓。1960年,南非當局將ANC等解放組織列為非法組織,曼德拉於是領導ANC的武裝分翼,轉入地下抗爭,逃亡兩年後最終被捕。1962年,43歲的曼德拉被控以「煽動罪」等罪,罪成判囚5年,1964年再被加控「陰謀顛覆罪」,改判無期徒刑。TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。2 }" z5 R. M/ R& L
TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。' O# V2 [0 z$ t
牢獄生涯的首18年,曼德拉被囚在惡名昭彰的羅本島(Robben Island),生活在極狹小的囚室內,每日被逼做苦役。非人待遇並未磨蝕曼德拉的意志:他在獄中完成回憶錄《走向自由的漫漫長路》(Long Walk to Freedom)的數百頁手稿。被囚後期,曼德拉患上肺結核;外界普遍認為這是曼德拉晚年肺部屢受感染的原因。5.39.217.76; s4 C8 K G: d( H1 k: g: d
TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。- j: z; z- J. o
被囚在監獄鐵窗之內的曼德拉,成為反種族隔離運動的象徵,得到全球關注;逼於各國的經濟制裁及政治壓力,南非政府於1990年2月釋放曼德拉。tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb4 u/ L4 \$ {6 X6 V2 w, P9 ~
% e8 K* j" A& C0 @- K/ a) C 復仇與遺忘之間,還有寛恕 - r, |5 z) x' mTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。9 d3 w) x0 D: F! O( O% z
只佔南非人口不足兩成的白人,在南非實施種族隔離,剝奪有色人種的政治、經濟甚至是基本人權,不擇手段地打壓有色人種的生存空間;曼德拉獲釋,顯示白人政府的種族隔離政策已離結束不遠 ─ 有白人不捨得將享受多年的特權交出,又擔心會被清算,被佔南非人口八成的黑人清算往日惡行;部份黑人則主張向白人復仇,追究到底。公仔箱論壇1 |6 V9 {7 U+ v
! a! _+ }$ u4 Q! G但曼德拉的立場由始至終沒有改變。他窮畢生之力爭取的,並非黑人或任何一個族群的利益,而是建立多元種族共融的南非,建立一個不論膚色人種,均可平等共處的自由社會。 : |4 n; C$ t- N5 c4 GTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。公仔箱論壇! h: C) _$ \2 \' e [ ?+ ]3 A
對於南非令人不敢回望的過去,曼德拉並沒有選擇逃避;在復仇與遺忘之間,還有寛恕。1990年2月11日下午4點,72歲的曼德拉步出 Victor Verster 監獄。曼德拉如此描述自己踏出囚牢的心情: 6 w, J& G9 f. B6 y5 q5 d公仔箱論壇
“As I walked out the door toward the gate that would lead to my freedom, I knew if I didn’t leave my bitterness and hatred behind, I’d still be in prison.” ' m! i1 v, ~+ `
/ ~$ I) g- ]6 ]2 [" v曾被逼拿起武器對抗強權的曼德拉,經歷27年牢獄生涯之後,卻能夠放下所有怨對與仇恨,選擇以最溫和的手段改變南非;在這過程中,曼德拉始終堅持平等的價值,並相信寛恕的力量。& i3 M6 x. o( N* A/ O: G& L
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It was during those long and lonely years that my hunger for the freedom of my own people became a hunger for the freedom of all people, white and black. A man who takes away another man's freedom is a prisoner of hatred, he is locked behind the bars of prejudice and narrow-mindedness. The oppressed and the oppressor alike are robbed of their humanity.5.39.217.769 w/ k9 F7 C! b# @' F
I knew as well as I knew anything that the oppressor must be liberated just as surely as the oppressed. 4 f2 E2 }6 T: t1 _' LTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。(Long Walk to Freedom)TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。5 i" d7 j- Q! M7 l
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' }6 e+ ~9 R* G8 V9 ?1 I$ w* ]7 t公仔箱論壇TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。/ l! L3 L( L, X: X$ Y1 _& E5 O# W 黎明前的黑暗 腥風血雨下的和平談判5.39.217.76- D5 L, {% _% d- [4 L$ ^) S+ \: m
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南非政府種族隔離政策遺下的禍,並未因曼德拉1990年獲釋而消解。3 v2 I e3 Z1 b, C% Y
; v& C) o! [% D! ~. u; kTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。曼德拉仍在獄中時,已多次與掌政官員會面,就和平過渡展開談判。出獄後,曼德拉領導的ANC,與克拉克領導的政府及其他南非政黨經年累月地磋商,才最終促成種族平權。 5 |1 U' [& e5 ATVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。黎明前的夜最是漆黑。1990-1994年間,談判如火如荼地進行,種族隔離的規例一條一條被廢除,但這段時間也被死守種族主義的南非白人視為掙扎的最後時機;而目睹白人政權逐步瓦解,亦有黑人對曼德拉提倡的種族多元政權感不滿,認為應完全由黑人掌權。 6 d( C- h8 n/ } Z, k& @tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb 9 L- p0 j" G z當時的南非充斥著街頭暴力與暗殺,堪稱南非實施種族隔離以來,最黑暗的年代。1990-1993年間有數以千計的黑人與白人在政治鬥爭中死去;1993-1994年間,死亡數字更急劇上升。tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb4 L; P5 J( u2 O; A8 f
白人政府更一度被指是暴力行為的幕後黑手,談判各陣營的信任陷入危機。1993年4月,受大量黑人青年支持的ANC領袖Chris Hani被激進右翼份仔暗殺,更使雙方支持者的對立更嚴重,由Hani之死而起的衝突造成逾70人死亡,媒體形容內戰一觸即發;就在國內形勢漸趨緊張之時,曼德拉透過電視向全國演講,呼籲民眾不要再次陷落暴力的惡性循環,唯有民主才可團各種族國民: " o% m/ y |4 o1 u" t; atvb now,tvbnow,bttvb - b- m) u2 V; P7 n5.39.217.76
Now is the time for all South Africans to stand together against those who, from any quarter, wish to destroy what Chris Hani gave his life for - the freedom of all of us.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb1 e) x c6 S4 R" a; W
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This is a watershed moment for all of us. We must not let the men who worship war, and who lust after blood, precipitate actions that will plunge our country into another Angola. Chris Hani has made the supreme sacrifice. The greatest tribute we can pay to his life's work is to ensure we win that freedom for all our people.7 h. i) z; c4 P, D4 h6 a
We should constantly keep our minds on the broad picture that has emerged. The wounds of the period of repression and resistance are too deep to have been healed by the TRC alone, however well it has encouraged us along that path. ) {2 @+ b# Y- Ftvb now,tvbnow,bttvb : w4 Q/ s( a! T TIt is for those who have suffered losses of different kinds and magnitudes to be afforded reparation, proceeding from the premise that freedom and dignity are the real prize that our sacrifices were meant to attain. Free at last, we are all masters of our destiny.+ l9 Y1 c9 S9 Z5 Z3 Q5 l
2 n" K3 Z- X O我們邁進自由的步伐是不可逆轉。我們要堅定信念,不要為恐懼阻擋我們的去路。讓統一、民主和不分膚色的南非實行普選,這是通向和平與種族和諧的唯一道路。 ; k8 |" A5 I! R4 ]+ ]4 I公仔箱論壇最後,我想引述我在 1964年受審時說過的話。這些話到現在依然適用:我為反對白人統治而抗爭,也為反對黑人統治而抗爭。我珍惜民主與自由社會的理想,每個人都可以和睦共處,每個人都可以獲得平等的生活。我為這理想而生,並希望使之實現。如果有需要,我也準備好為這理想而死。公仔箱論壇7 m! A) A) I* K
6 e8 G! Y' w" h* E" o& ^2 n4 O" X5.39.217.76The sight of freedom looming on the horizon should encourage us to redouble our efforts. * Q: E0 K: G6 v% r. ^7 m7 K5.39.217.76 6 ]) G* b! v- L9 \tvb now,tvbnow,bttvbIt is only through disciplined mass action that our victory can be assured. We call on our white compatriots to join us in the shaping of a new South Africa. The freedom movement is a political home for you too. We call on the international community to continue the campaign to isolate the apartheid regime. To lift sanctions now would be to run the risk of aborting the process towards the complete eradication of apartheid. 5 @4 J) x6 M9 p1 A* k- A. f5.39.217.76 ' D% r1 ]* U4 C- V- x! ^' H. y4 `Our march to freedom is irreversible. We must not allow fear to stand in our way. Universal suffrage on a common voters' roll in a united democratic and non-racial South Africa is the only way to peace and racial harmony.5.39.217.76# E4 Z2 Q3 L* J
$ ^9 ~8 j* r. n( V5 @5.39.217.76In conclusion I wish to quote my own words during my trial in 1964. They are as true today as they were then. I wrote: 8 a4 _1 s/ O) S9 W, fTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。'I have fought against white domination and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.'8 U1 Q6 F0 r$ Z- ]& w. Y
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TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。, e. v# w* A% b) K
奧巴馬悼曼德拉:He belongs to the ages8 m. |0 F2 M( C1 ^& R& d3 X
% D" H: I; B; Z8 F0 Q% ?6 x5.39.217.76 2 X5 s( j# Q/ R8 W5 p; Wtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb南非前總統曼德拉,於南非時間昨夜約9時,在約翰內斯堡的寓所安祥去世,享年95歲。, O2 a0 D, z- H f$ f0 e6 ?5 O, O. J
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南非總統祖馬(Jacob Zuma)於當地時間昨日,透過電視講話向國民宣佈曼德拉離世的消息,並宣佈為其舉行國葬,南非各地明日起為曼德拉降半旗,直至葬禮完畢。 ) [: G o% q/ e公仔箱論壇祖馬形容,南非失去了其最偉大的兒子,南非人民亦失去了一位父親。! K% T7 r( q1 a2 O: v9 |6 C8 V
TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。1 j* r1 z# v1 ]* I1 n5 l& ?# s6 c
世界各國領袖亦對曼德拉離世,致以深切哀悼。 # |, |- E2 F6 G1 d" O( `" V o5.39.217.76 {/ m% T% P; ]* H- @5 Z/ c 聯合國秘書長潘基文tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb9 I0 ~* {0 c' V7 k' u X& l
Nelson Mandela was a giant for justice and a down-to-earth human inspiration. Many around the world were greatly influenced by his selfless struggle for human dignity, equality and freedom. He touched our lives in deeply personal ways. At the same time, no-one did more in our time to advance the values and aspirations of the United Nations. Nelson Mandela showed what is possible for our world and within each one of us - if we believe, dream and work together for justice and humanity.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb9 s. ]+ \. j9 F& J, J ]- x) m [
We've lost one of the most influential, courageous and profoundly good human beings that any of us will share time with. He no longer belongs to us, he belongs to the ages... His commitment to transfer power and reconcile with those who jailed him set an example that all humanity should aspire to.公仔箱論壇, ^7 |# D* j L9 N* W) E0 P7 q
The world is a better place for Nelson Mandela. He showed in his own character, and inspired in others, many of God's attributes: goodness, compassion, a desire for justice, peace, forgiveness and reconciliation. He was not only an amazing gift to humankind, he made South Africans and Africans feel good about being who we are. He made us walk tall. God be praised.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。2 P# i1 a2 P* s
A great light has gone out in the world. Nelson Mandela was a hero of our time. I've asked for the flag at No10 to be flown at half mast. 4 V7 I5 g( P0 u
Nelson Mandela made history. That of South Africa and the whole world. Nelson Mandela's message will not disappear. It will continue to inspire fighters for freedom, and to give confidence to peoples in the defence of just causes and universal rights. ) k9 L/ `8 W$ g; N/ Q0 T K6 e+ b公仔箱論壇
South Africa has lost one of its founding fathers and one of its greatest sons. Nelson Mandela's courage, charm and commitment to reconciliation and to the Constitution were an inspiration not only for South Africans but for the whole world.公仔箱論壇/ n! w! o& L. `4 [$ ^- d+ K
I believe that his example will live on and that it will continue to inspire all South Africans to achieve his vision of non-racialism, justice, human dignity and equality for all. Tata, we shall miss you - but know that your spirit and example will always be there to guide us to the vision of a better and more just South Africa.. Z* b$ e# _( ^& J }: }
e: L3 c, F( e* m# E# G還記得,那年在南非,是曼德拉當上總統後的一兩年。. K6 [8 R+ Y2 a, i& H
( V+ |' O3 \# J% U3 X0 o( r; |; V J公仔箱論壇遇到的每位南非黑人,神采飛揚,眼神閃爍自信,充滿希望;但貧民窟繼續狂亂,城市森林不能久留,白人住別墅有泳池。公仔箱論壇 m! X L5 h* n+ k+ J' w( O- n
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充滿疑惑,說不清,看不明。 ! a- y2 V# {: \0 [+ n公仔箱論壇 " \$ x& x& a& u5 i" u- ^( v* |公仔箱論壇遊歷的甜美,在看不明白,激發好奇心,我拿起旅館裡破舊的南非歷史故事,在開普敦買了曼德拉自傳 Long Walk to Freedom,瞬間啃下了七百幾頁。TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。0 z1 f6 B( }, D: ?: V9 T& {6 d
最後一頁,結語。 2 `1 e$ ] z0 g5 L. o Q: w% m5.39.217.76 ; L3 R5 k# M; e4 v5 ^2 t6 v面對新時代,權力在手,曼德拉謙遜,尋求大和解,而且做到了:公仔箱論壇/ K- `+ f) u! o% _* g$ L
「要解放受壓逼者,也要解放壓逼者……奪去他人自由的人,自己也是仇恨的囚徒,困鎖於偏狹的欄柵背後……當我步出監獄,這是我的使命:去解放被壓逼者與壓逼者……自由,不只是掙脫枷鎖,更要尊重與促進其他人的自由。我們熱愛自由,真正考驗才剛開始。」 - r$ F+ r" ^3 B' T t$ z! b5.39.217.76
自傳的最後一段,每次重讀,頓覺心仍未冷,熱淚在滾動:* n7 ?: B# A2 O. W- [& I% W. I
「我走過了通往自由的長路。我嘗試不去猶豫;我曾踏錯腳步。但我發現了一個秘密:翻過了一座大山,只發現前路有更多的山。我稍作休息,偷看一眼當前的壯麗風景,回望來時路。但我只能歇息一會,享有自由,就要負起責任,我不敢久留,漫漫長路,還未到終點。」TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。; v" S& Q% I. L; W- ]! F% V
TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。( T3 }, f% {& f6 U% q7 K
(I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many hills to climb. I have taken a moment here to rest, to steal a view of the glorious vista that surrounds me, to look back on the distance I have come. But I can rest only for a moment, for with freedom come responsibilities, and I dare not linger, for my long walk is not yet ended.)
借花敬佛,送給那些壯志未竟,仍在艱辛奮鬥的人。公仔箱論壇; M9 c$ [- S2 |. a
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*** *** *** , s3 ]. k3 W. R y! bTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 5 S3 S- [8 R4 i8 G1 K0 h% }; C0 `0 W書頁已黃,漫漫自由路 6 W4 I' B8 p+ CTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。6 {+ ?' G# }8 ?0 y( A$ r: i
相關文章:tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb% n# ^! T! {; p) I% ?' R
# U' d a+ q/ C. n台灣外交部說對於曼德拉這位舉世聞名的人權鬥士辭世,中華民國政府至感哀傷,總統馬英九通過臉書說他在世界人權日前夕聽到此一消息,特別感到不捨與唏噓。TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。8 }! Z1 Y3 C' V; p' y2 I
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馬英九說曼德拉到台時非常肯定台灣對人權的維護與社會正義追求,也推崇孫中山的三民主義,可以作為人類追求自由民主的依歸。公仔箱論壇 j( c. B/ L# [) f: h/ s" W
7 v. R: X% j$ O7 W( Z; L7 [曼德拉在1993年尚未出任總統,擔任非洲國民大會(民族議會)主席時曾到台訪問,接受當時總統李登輝頒發特種大綬景星勛章。 / G7 Y3 q- Y/ H, `8 l5 t$ x5.39.217.76 R% D. u0 g5 | p" q+ W, \李登輝辦公室說,李登輝與曼德拉認識超過20年,在台灣與南非斷交後雖沒聯繫,但常通過共同的朋友互相問候,李登輝將通過外交系統向南非表達慰問。 5 _9 q( E) O( M# O P7 l! |! q' m8 r. n
南非與台灣是在1998年曼德拉擔任總統時斷交,據台灣媒體指出,當時南非輿論要求轉與中國建交,曼德拉曾以台灣沒有對不起南非的理由,希望同時與中國及台灣維持外交關係。TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。( {' q; M; b7 z. r. U( p
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在曼德拉到台時曾與他有過接觸的立法院長王金平說,曼德拉為人乾脆,很有民主素養,展現出令人景仰的領袖風範,對台灣也很有好感。( R( {8 n r, t+ h' D1 J
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最大在野黨民進黨主席蘇貞昌則通過臉書說,曼德拉是一個打不倒的勇者,一生奮鬥啟發世人。 % _% G. B$ _" r5 O# R5.39.217.76