( l& x& {# q: _2 ]5.39.217.76《公約》25（b）是聯國訂立的國際標準tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb: L7 M, x0 h/ B5 n; _: Y+ G3 b
9 D* T" p- K7 V- A, N' @- T/ d無論《公約》 25（b）在香港的法律地位如何，它是聯合國所訂立的國際標準，以識別選舉的真偽。這標準其實也是現代民主政治的一個常識。而對這個常識，連早期的中國共產黨也有清晰的掌握。正如程翔先生指出，1944年2月2日，中共《新華日報》的社論清晰地界定什麼是真假普選。它說：「真正的普選制，不僅選舉權要『普通』、『平等』，而且被選舉權也要『普通』、『平等』；不僅人民都要享有同等的選舉權，而且人民都要享有同等的被選舉權」。該社論更一針見血地指出「假普選」之害，說：「如果事先限定一種被選舉的資格甚或由官方提出一定的候選人，那麼縱使選舉權沒有被限制，也不過把選民做投票的工具罷了」。1944年中共還未取得政權，它所要求的選舉，卻是不折不扣的真普選。然而今天，中共掌權，北京既全盤否定「國際標準」，更把當年這「中共標準」忘記得一乾二淨！ 7 }. Q! Z5 S ]/ P0 x公仔箱論壇 ; V- X; _* a5 b1 e2 @TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 & `% }9 `' a) U! [) O4 n' a( F公仔箱論壇作者是香港大學政治及公共行政學系教授5.39.217.76+ |/ _/ O" o5 c3 P) N9 U# |
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註一：UN Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 25: The Right to Participate in Public Affairs, Voting Rights and the Right of Equal Access to Public Service (Art. 25) (CCPR/C/21/Rev.1/Add.7) 12/07/1996.公仔箱論壇+ F/ `2 h$ t- [: |
註二：參Compendium of International Standards for Elections (second edition, 2007)http://www.eueom.eu/files/dmfile ... or-elections_en.pdf5.39.217.76! {9 E% w( a I, @
註三：Convention on the Standards of Democratic Elections, Electoral Rights and Freedoms in the Member States of the Commonwealth of Independent States (2002) ' F1 f+ G; w' b) DTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。註四：African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance (2007)tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb C, e4 k+ S) Z5 ?. t% A. |4 f
2 h$ a9 N' v6 o" h- T) J6 y2 x& w 作者: felicity2010 時間: 2014-9-24 11:41 AM
本帖最後由 felicity2010 於 2014-9-24 11:43 AM 編輯 6 g# U5 N8 H! w+ i! b* t$ x5.39.217.76* e7 R; l+ C; i! x. r' g8 ?
WSJ: Britain's Betrayal of Hong Kong " B. r, g9 X. ~. w2 c) L* n公仔箱論壇 2 t* f- z2 {3 e3 BLondon fails to call Beijing on its broken promises of autonomy.5 c* d) [; |# [7 e% |" s$ M# z, H
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A political showdown looms in Hong Kong. Beijing has stripped the city of the high degree of autonomy it promised in a 1984 treaty with the United Kingdom. Local residents are preparing a campaign of civil disobedience in protest. Yet London has failed to express even mild criticism of Beijing's treaty violation.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb$ L( c+ h8 n! P+ B* \/ h
( L6 C4 H+ o5 p# m2 vTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。The people of Hong Kong overwhelmingly want to elect their next Chief Executive, a reform that until a month ago seemed within reach. On Monday university and secondary students began a week-long boycott of classes to demonstrate for democracy. A new poll from Chinese University shows that one-fifth of the population is considering emigration because of the city's uncertain future. ! k6 q! H/ ~9 U3 E6 U! ~5 ctvb now,tvbnow,bttvb# _ H9 A& b+ O. H4 e& c$ n
This turmoil is the result of Beijing's shock decision at the end of August to rig the 2017Chief Executive election with the most antidemocratic system tabled by its local supporters. Only politicians who receive majority support from a committee packed with Beijing's supporters will be allowed to run.5.39.217.769 }; Z: i( z5 ?; F3 i: |
0 L: r5 o4 h/ Z n6 VThe Communist Party's response to criticism is that any election conducted with universal suffrage is a step forward. The Sino-British Joint Declaration did not explicitly promise democracy, and the British didn't introduce elections for legislators until five years before their departure. So it is the "rankest hypocrisy,"in the words of the Chinese ambassador to the U.K., for Chris Patten, the last colonial governor, to claim London has a moral responsibility to speak up for Hong Kong.6 \7 e o7 b; F7 ?8 K
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Yet the desire for greater democracy was the critical issue facing Hong Kong long before the 1997 handover. Beginning in 1985, a drafting committee of local residents and Chinese officials created a constitutional document, the Basic Law, reflecting the Sino-British Joint Declaration's promise of self-government. "How Hong Kong develops its democracy in the future is completely within the sphere of the autonomy of Hong Kong," Lu Ping, China's top official on Hong Kong matters, promised in the People's Daily in March 1993. "The central government will not interfere." # \( c4 [$ q' c3 \5.39.217.76 / m" B G l. R: G4 {公仔箱論壇That's a promise Beijing broke. In 2004 it reinterpreted the Basic Law to mean that Hong Kong could not initiate political reform without its prior approval. In 2007 it ruled out elections in 2012. Last month's decree mandates a vetting system similar to the kind of "democracy" that exists in Iran, where thousands of candidates are routinely disqualified by the regime. 6 Z; P6 W# A+ ]3 ?: e L0 g公仔箱論壇 7 ~% _% k/ [3 v; Y) q; a. YAs a signatory to the Joint Declaration, only the U.K. has the legal standing to protest Beijing's broken promises. So how did London respond? For four days, the Foreign Office said nothing. Finally it put out a statement even more abject than silence: "We welcome the confirmation that China's objective is for the election of Hong Kong's Chief Executive through universal suffrage." Martin Lee, Hong Kong's doughtiest fighter for democracy, rightly summed up London's attitude as "kowtowing to Beijing for 30 pieces of silver." 5.39.217.76& ~$ z# w2 h) G+ o( i
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It's true Britain's power to influence developments in Hong Kong is limited. Yet Beijing's xenophobic bluster shows that it still fears a principled statement from London to defend the territory's autonomy. Chinese media routinely accuse pro-democracy politicians of being funded by foreign "black money"—even as Beijing pumps money into local puppet groups.7 u- G8 X/ u; G8 P0 o7 ^
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When Margaret Thatcher agreed to return Hong Kong to Chinese sovereignty, she defended the decision on grounds that the U.K. would hold Beijing to its treaty commitments. Count that as one more Thatcherite legacy her successors have failed to honor. 6 G, ~5 n4 Q5 \公仔箱論壇 E' p2 t; s, x: I. |5 _1 P+ }TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 6 q; J% L/ @# P& Z6 }1 u5 c
