本帖最後由 felicity2010 於 2011-7-21 02:02 PM 編輯 1 B% r) |! r/ E) r6 O1 H" h! F5 Y$ R. k6 u Somalia's 'children's famine' has been ignored , g1 f2 L, O% R1 v5 C5.39.217.76Paddy Ashdown The Guardian! Q {* K/ H( E1 t! z% ?
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- N) Z: @# ^ r2 W. v3 Q# k4 Btvb now,tvbnow,bttvbThis famine hasn't happened overnight, but it has been reduced to a footnote in the media's eyes by more sensational events.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。6 o7 T Z4 h) ~7 Q9 o4 g0 i
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The problem when a child is dying from starvation is that they can't wait. They can't put their hunger on pause until the glare of the media decides to turn its spotlight on them and help spread the word that children are dying.Instead, they will slowly starve to death.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb! J8 ]& Y7 ^& H7 W2 D
1 z+ N- K, J' IThis is exactly what is happening to nearly 2 million children in Somalia right now. Nearly half of these children are already on the critical list, inching further away from life as every hour slips by. By the time you read this, it may already be too late for some.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb) j0 f/ F# @' i: m
# }/ q: f% }: O公仔箱論壇In today's newspapers – from front to back – I was hoping to see the media use their power and influence to tell this story. I hoped to see headlines shouting that millions of women and children in Somalia, and across the entire Horn of Africa, are struggling for survival and need the British public to help.公仔箱論壇' Q3 g/ v3 @0 t2 x) A" Y
$ g$ g- b2 V6 O. SBut I didn't. Instead, my eyes were blurred with articles of shaving foam and hacking scandals, as talk about the dire need for nutritional supplies for children who need their lives saved slipped into the footnotes. / J! f. c, n3 b- k1 w公仔箱論壇6 f4 ^5 T; ]- @
And now, the situation has reached crisis point. This morning the UN officially declared that famine exists in Somalia and that the lives of nearly half of the Somali population – 3.7 million people – are now in crisis. ( {: F1 K; k+ G* x, \" ~tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb 7 a1 B7 {7 m; dAt Unicef, which is the UN's children's agency, they don't use the word famine lightly. They are guided by strict criteria that means it can only be declared when at least three of eight prerequisites are reached. These are acute malnutrition rates among children must exceed 30%; more than two people per10,000 die daily; and food access falls far below 2,100 kilocalories of food every day.公仔箱論壇2 W& _4 V! P6 O6 `6 b `$ R
' O3 y$ [+ U9 n* a9 W4 d- oIn those most severely affected regions of Somalia – Bakool and Lower Shabelle – acute malnutrition due to poor diets or inadequate food is now exceeding 50% and Unicef is recording at least six per 10,000 children dying daily. When one does the maths, this could translate into more than 12 children dying every hour should the situation worsen. Three other regions in the south will have a famine in next one to two months they warn.5.39.217.767 G; S. B% k# [ M
! S) p2 U7 V4 F2 L$ Q$ a: m H i, CI've been to Ethiopia with Unicef last year into some of the same regions that are today the focus of the wider Horn of Africa appeal. The famine, the first is 20 years, is due to a number of factors such as poverty, inadequate rainfall and conflict. ( T7 ^1 v/ ?) p7 Z; ?; E$ |TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 ' M9 P' `3 U! _4 S' Z3 k5.39.217.76This famine didn't happen suddenly. It has been slowly evolving but under reported.Unicef, along with the UN, has been warning since January of a pending crisis and statements have been issued. 2011 has been a year filled with natural disasters and social upheaval in north Africa that have all been competing for news attention. Since drought is a slow-onset disaster, it is often very difficult to get the type of attention and response that is needed to raise the funds to prevent this disaster. In addition, issues of access and conflict have made the situation even more complicated.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb. d& Q6 O8 k N) J! V
# K' o3 }: U# ?3 {" n# F: cThe media also have a major role in the response to disasters. As former BBC producer Suzanne Franks pointedly wrote in the British Journalism Review:"Disasters – natural or man-made – exist only when they are covered by the media. Plenty of terrible things happen that remain unreported. Most disasters are known about only by those directly affected. And the crises that do get media attention are not necessarily those that kill or harm the most victims."tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb* `0 B* K- `; K) A/ L% f/ ]3 c$ b
# _$ P* n, y! x. V- a0 g+ a5.39.217.76Being a child in Somalia is already tough and dangerous. If you survive to one, you may not survive beyond five; if you live beyond five, you most probably won't go to school and you most probably won't have many choices but being recruited into an armed faction.3 D+ b4 U) j* G8 J% D
+ j9 ]# |6 l% p1 f6 t6 N2 yNow with the famine, life is even worse. That is why Unicef – which has been working in Somalia since 1972 – rightly calls this a "children's famine".# J: p9 E: J- K# T l
公仔箱論壇 _$ l6 `3 }- [/ D8 s" p 作者: aa00 時間: 2011-7-21 02:12 PM
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- W8 W! S7 ?! i) h; ^0 Q, |TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 - H" X& Y, b+ G8 `% X+ v8 T# K5.39.217.76tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb; k4 u$ z* y& k5 B 天灾人祸让非洲之角陷入饥荒 ; U' v3 d- F2 b0 S 7 ^, |/ x' M* N( @- c公仔箱論壇 * _/ P8 _ ^% o5.39.217.76 3 W: [- ^1 w+ Y* M4 @5.39.217.76 ( s0 h% I$ Z) `8 Y8 X) C* p2 MTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。1 b/ e- E+ r5 `8 y; r Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: 肯尼亚达达阿布(Dadaab)难民营, N! Z& Z) g e; N
2011年 7月 21日TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。) r" C8 T, J' Y( k
; T) M0 I; {- o1 mTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。5.39.217.76$ c: j7 G. y3 [" K' a# m8 ^ 国际救援机构难以在索马里展开救援 / |' A, I% P3 G9 B* u % A' z: l. z/ C/ E7 Y9 i1 STVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 ( i( l2 |; Y7 B( _% K公仔箱論壇VOA记者: 乔斯洛 | 内罗毕 公仔箱論壇' B* g' |9 y" h: S& y& }9 I
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6 r( B. o7 Y: T5 _ % \& Y: F- q m( p$ o" A5 u 9 l2 g" Z% t% K R8 W+ Q- X6 eTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 ( h6 T! t% V2 R5 oTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。图片来源: AP % {) h/ |6 I8 Q: Y* P$ C, f& |4 v5.39.217.76图为控制索马里中南部的激进组织沙巴布资料照5.39.217.760 T# ]/ f& N- a, ~: H6 }% W0 h" \0 E
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TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。7 {. j! v7 h3 M4 z; V& T# E% L/ s X
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TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。( b0 r2 r: q, v5 c& [# K) W
联合国说，它需要向索马里两个遭受饥荒打击的地区逐步增加救援。可是，这些地区受到与基地组织有联系的激进组织沙巴布的控制，该组织对国际救援组织在其地盘内的工作实行了一定的限制。 , v( |1 s( L" n# B7 a , w* z& n9 j( e1 Y% a公仔箱論壇自从沙巴布几年前控制了索马里中南部以来，他们就一直对外国救援机构采取敌视态度。 + N" e3 _1 w& a. e, `4 o 4 p: S6 a$ }* s% d) P9 fTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。这些激进分子指责外国工作者是间谍，他们绑架甚至杀害了一些救援人员。他们经常把本该发放给饥饿的索马里人的食品和其他供给品扣留在自己手中，从而使许多外国捐助方不愿意向索马里运送更多的援助物资。 ; N* h7 T3 v- c7 W5 rTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 5 C g( W/ n: a H4 q在这种条件下，救援机构究竟怎样做才能接近索马里的饥民呢？自从1972年以来，联合国儿童基金会从未中断过在索马里的运作。他们最近取得了一个重大胜利，向下谢贝利州的拜多阿镇成功地实施了一次空运行动，拜多阿镇既是沙巴布组织的一个据点，也是遭受饥荒严重打击的地区。他们这次空运了5吨物资，其中包括清洁水设备和治疗营养不良的食品与药物。公仔箱論壇: F- t* k( v% j
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*为救饥民不得不与激进组织打交道* ; A- B: B" k j" H& t! lTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。公仔箱論壇, `# n' o1 Z: Z I5 L
空运这样一大批物资没有沙巴布组织的批准是不可能的。联合国儿童基金会非洲部联络处负责人布卢门说，他们不得不与这个激进组织打交道。 " @( T* K0 O2 w* H8 l$ |& T公仔箱論壇# o" N% i. V9 w q# H& C+ V
布卢门说：“是的，我们与地方当局进行了对话，显然他们当中也有沙巴布的成员。但是最重要的一点是，我们成功地把这些物资运到当地。我们的工作人员能够前往机场，保护这些物资的安全，然后把它们运送给需要救援的人。” / c4 j# r5 E V; p9 X1 C% ^tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb $ Q& P/ v: R) }) [0 G4 @8 y5 @沙巴布最近解除了一项对空运的禁令。这使那些过去主要依赖地面运输的组织，在饥民最需要食品的时候，能够更快地向他们运送更多的食品。. [+ o9 R( @4 H/ [
' H5 v/ _% R; r/ } ^! I4 rtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb联合国儿童基金会正在集中消除儿童营养不良症。在这个地区的某些地方，严重营养不良的儿童比例已增至50%左右。不过，儿童基金会仍然持谨慎的态度。他们说，不能确定空运会像现在这样一直进行下去。tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb, x: f l6 J# L {/ S( X
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布卢门说：“我认为，我们是在实干当中试验。我们坚信，我们必须竭尽全力来满足儿童的需求。因此，我们正在考虑各种途径，考虑我们如何能在不牺牲自己运作能力的条件下获得更多的支持。” # L$ |5 T/ L# s. I$ w* x! R
( @) _; x2 d7 wtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb联合国儿童基金会这样的机构一旦得到救援物资，就要依赖索马里当地的救援机构发放食品、药物或其他物资。- \9 E! H8 u4 c! t4 u( c5 y0 S
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穆罕迈德.奥玛尔为索马里巴科勒地区的关注和平与环境发展组织工作。他说，救援机构使用当地的居民。他们首先要告诉沙巴布组织他们想干什么和在哪里干，然后，该组织协助他们分发救援物资。不过，有时候沙巴布组织会警告你不要接收某些救援机构的物资，例如联合国开发计划署以及被禁止的其他救援机构。0 d( ` r" h" _3 B
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尽管奥玛尔愿意将他与这个激进组织共事的经历说出来，但该地区的其他救援工作者却不愿意讨论他与激进组织的关系，担心这样会危害他们的工作。/ W, ]! `2 T' y N
9 t: [: d% g4 s$ |9 g6 ]! Atvb now,tvbnow,bttvb*激进组织受到多方压力不得作出让步* ; O. e% T3 ]0 i, C( uTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 - {5 b, M! o; X. l; stvb now,tvbnow,bttvb国际危机组织的索马里问题专家阿比迪说，沙巴布允许运送救援物资的决定并不代表该组织在意识形态方面的转变。 , l, e. V" p, T5 V1 f公仔箱論壇5.39.217.76- c e7 ~) P% l2 x9 j
阿比迪说：“我认为，这是由于局势过于严峻和悲惨，沙巴布除了基本上允许救援机构进入之外别无选择。因为他们没有任何办法向人们提供食物。” # o$ H2 W4 D7 I0 ]; E n5 G( tTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 2 V2 p o3 x9 j4 e1 G* \) JTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。阿比迪说，沙巴布组织受到部落领导人和当地社区的很大压力，这些人认为该组织应为这场食品危机负责。TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。2 C7 v0 v% q* K: \8 j$ [
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可是，在一个强大的中央政府恢复对索马里中南部的控制之前，救援机构仍然不得不和沙巴布打交道。也没有人能保证，这个激进组织不会故伎重演，劫持救援物资。TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。, l" U: e3 g) K' i" r; a
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索马里有370万人受到这场食品危机的影响，这个数字接近索马里人口的半数。在这种局面下，许多组织相信，他们除了冒险与沙巴布组织打交道之外别无选择。 , P! M, p* q0 q# G/ P, [tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb : l4 I7 Q: M; s# l9 Utvb now,tvbnow,bttvb5.39.217.76$ U; |0 r$ w) T5 p
Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: 肯尼亚达达阿布(Dadaab)难民营, N! Z& Z) g e; N
Bildunterschrift: 天灾人祸让许多儿童在没有认清世界之前就离开了它