w2 q; P" T0 e. w( u n" K# @: \tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb尽管财政部长盖特纳一再强调美国无法承担不提高债限的后果，分析人士认为，财政部一定有一个“优先支付顺序”，即在国债上限没有提高的情况下，优先支付哪些开支。一般认为美国将优先支付美国国债债权人和债权国的利息，其次是支付社会安全、联邦医疗保险、失业救济和支持美国战争需要的军火商。这些开支就会基本上耗尽所有收入。政府将无法支付军队和退伍军人开支、政府开支和政府工作人员的薪资。; C! \- b. d+ Z0 x
j/ f9 s1 G8 N! L4 M- utvb now,tvbnow,bttvb为什么白宫及民主共和两党不能就提高国债上限达成共识？5.39.217.76( L* h. V# ^/ a+ I
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美国选民近年来有强烈的呼声，要求联邦政府削减开支，减少国债。很多分析人士认为，共和党之所以在2010年的中期选举中大获全胜，就是因为选民厌倦了大幅度增长的预算赤字和国债。许多共和党人在竞选之际就承诺要在不提高税率的前提下大幅度削减政府开支。中期选举之后，新国会中的茶党更是形成了一股强大的政治力量，把减少国债作为首要议题，对以众议院议长贝纳为首的传统老派共和党形成挑战。 . P7 u4 E# m; c( f3 p( \/ W ! i3 V* ~' `- D) E# P例如，在这次有关债限问题的谈判中，共和党众议院多数党领袖坎特就代表强硬的茶党理念，提出巨大的削减额度，而且拒绝增税。为此参议院少数党领袖里德指责他是谈判的最大障碍，“根本就不该在谈判桌上”。TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。/ l7 \/ q5 v4 p
" r- B% F2 a2 y公仔箱論壇首先，現代共和黨基本上不接受由民主黨出掌白宮的合法性──隻要是民主黨人，他們都不接受。克林頓時期是這樣，奧巴馬入主白宮的一刻開始也是這樣。因此，無論總統想做什麼，共和黨人必然反對，即使他們以往曾支持類似的方案。同樣是前麻省州長羅姆尼（Mitt Romney）的醫療計劃，改由出掌白宮的那個人推行，就變成侵害美國自由的暴政。共和黨亦以相同的邏輯，對待奧巴馬提出的債務方案。- B0 X& K7 S- s: x, O D8 b+ z
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換一個演繹方式：若一名共和黨總統幾經艱苦，爭取到像奧巴馬目前在聯邦醫療保險計劃及社會福利計劃所提出的讓步，將被視為保守派的勝利。然而，當這些讓步包括輕微增加收入的附帶條件，以及更重要的是，當它們是由一名民主黨總統提出時，就變成一個以征稅扼殺美國經濟活力的方案，絕對不能接受。除此之外，共和黨已經被巫術經濟學（voodoo economics）所支配。 j A1 h) c3 E d$ z. l5.39.217.76& ^' F) x F' i a% }( i% f: M
自前總統列根成為拉弗曲線（Laffer curve，闡釋稅率增加與政府收入關系的理論）的信徒后，供應方面的巫術經濟學（聲稱減稅自會達致收支平衡，以及�或任何形式的加稅將導致經濟崩潰）就成為共和黨內一股重要力量。但以往，耍巫術亦有個限度，列根本身就曾大幅加稅，相當大程度地抵消了最初的減稅作用。 3 R2 S1 J* B5 }5.39.217.76 ! }% A6 n9 q# m: b' A: U/ r5.39.217.76盲目支持減稅有代價 % ]6 G2 h& I) D; `+ p5 n* Y) ?0 Y }5.39.217.76即使前總統喬治布殊政府也表現克制，沒有夸夸其談減稅的神奇魔法。這某程度上因為他害怕，一旦作出此等聲稱，會令人質疑其政府的嚴肅性。但最近，他們變得肆無忌旦﹔事實上，共和黨不容許任何克制表現。參議院少數黨領袖麥康奈爾（Mitch McConnell）去年斷言，布殊的減稅政策實際上令收入增加（這與事實完全相反），並聲稱「這基本上是所有共和黨人對這議題的看法」。這的確是真的，即使廣被視為2012年總統候選人提名戰中最理智的競逐者羅姆尼，也支持減稅實際上可以減低赤字的觀點。TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。- [ {0 ^5 E2 Y! i, G) |
+ n. W! b$ _% E0 [9 _5 L5.39.217.76說到這裡，我就要談談那些到了今時今日才正視共和黨瘋狂行為的人，解釋他們為何責無旁貸。 ' D- P1 f6 C5 a1 S 2 b& P$ w& B. M8 a; Q, D7 Z! h原因在於：若有任何跡象顯示，盲目支持減稅是要付出代價的﹔若局外人積極譴責那些立場不負責任之輩，那麼，共和黨內一些對盲目支持減稅感到不安的人，也許會擺出較強硬的姿態加以抗衡。但盲目支持減稅卻不用付出代價。布殊糟蹋掉克林頓臨近卸任時積累的財政盈余，但具影響力的專家卻妄稱，當前的債務問題兩黨要負上相同責任。眾議院預算委員會主席瑞安（Paul Ryan）提出所謂的減赤計劃，包括給企業及富裕人士大幅減稅，卻因為「對財政採取負責任態度」而獲獎。 % C" T0 L0 X; w1 T# | ; [$ E/ Y: G1 gTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。由此可見，共和黨沒受到任何壓力，因此可以表現得不負責任，甚至不可理喻﹔一如所料，他們走上極端。若閣下感到意外，這意味著問題某程度也出在你的身上。作者: felicity2010 時間: 2011-7-17 04:12 AM
本帖最後由 felicity2010 於 2011-7-17 04:16 AM 編輯 tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb2 f! L& C: w9 H- D; P+ C
[! v) Q4 e E9 b% RTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。Issues Holding Up Debt Ceiling Agreement The New York Times$ `7 s7 \7 b$ Q
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# A$ B* Z1 ?8 H9 dtvb now,tvbnow,bttvbAs the deadline to raise the debt ceiling looms, many Republicans are demanding changes in benefit programs as a condition of increasing the debt limit.Congressional Democrats oppose cuts, but President Obama has pushed for a sweeping budget agreement that aims to save $4 trillion over 10 years through a combination of spending cuts and new tax revenues.公仔箱論壇+ j4 V9 P/ o( S# S; V; S
tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb# W) C: z0 D( Z5 x; O% P$ W Medicare 8 t0 o! f [8 l; C8 N& J; l+ f' Y; u \6 c Issue Medicare spending is expected to increase to $970 billion in 2021, from $520billion in 2010. Officials have said that the program, which provides healthcare to people 65 and older, is not sustainable in its current form.5.39.217.76 W- T+ I `( U5 `+ o
. m* H# F) a8 d7 l! I/ RWhat the Democrats say Mr. Obama has offered to slow the growth of Medicare spending, possibly by as much as hundreds of billions of dollars over 12 years and more than $1 trillion in the following decade, by leveraging Medicare’s buying power. But he has not provided details.Many Democrats see Medicare cuts as undermining their political case against the House Republican plan to turn it into a “voucher” program. $ o$ G& u- Y) C 0 {1 ` y9 _& D4 r公仔箱論壇What the Republicans say Earlier this year,Representative Paul D. Ryan of Wisconsin proposed a plan to give future beneficiaries a fixed amount of money to buy private insurance. On Tuesday, Representative Eric Cantor of Virginia presented 27 proposals that he said would save up to $353 billion over 10 years. They include charging co-payments for laboratory tests and home health care, and increasing charges to high-income beneficiaries. : W3 o2 G9 l4 ]4 u - E; Z }! Y0 u7 L: atvb now,tvbnow,bttvb% n, v1 \$ x t, n Medicaidtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb/ D. f, C. m2 b& c) B
1 V: u; p6 u# WTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。Issue Federal spending on Medicaid, the nation’s low-income health program financed jointly by the federal government and the states, is expected to increase to$560 billion in 2021, from $273 billion in 2010. The Obama administration injected billions of dollars into the program as the recession deepened two years ago." |& d1 _% I/ B
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: z7 |) }; g. h8 nWhat the Democrats say White House officials have indicated that they could accept savings of $100 billion or more over 10years, much to the dismay of many House Democrats. Critics say the cuts would impair access to care for the poor and shift costs to the states, which are facing a large expansion in Medicaid eligibility and enrollment, scheduled to start in 2014 under the new health care law.5.39.217.767 _, ~7 t& {( H. e) c
tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb- ]- R$ c. p7 q, n4 l" }& V a What the Republicans say The proposal by Mr.Ryan called for transforming Medicaid to a block grant, with a lump sum of money given to each state, an idea opposed by Democrats. He said his plan would save $771 billion over the next decade. Mr. Cantor on Tuesday proposed $100billion in savings from Medicaid over 10 years, the same amount sought in a White House proposal. , a/ h; m$ R2 i. w9 _5 D/ e: H+ d- P6 d2 e; X- P Social Security公仔箱論壇/ u2 u! F7 N# y1 X' @5 [
3 K% W1 g B/ G; [( L, Z5.39.217.76Issue Spending on Social Security, which comprises more than a fifth of the federal budget, is projected to rise to $1.3 trillion in 2021, from $701 billion in2010. In May, the Social Security Administration estimated that under current law the program’s trust fund would be exhausted by 2036. ) Q; ]. {. r- u9 L3 utvb now,tvbnow,bttvb $ M6 j3 h: `5 O. \# v* FWhat the Democrats say Mr. Obama has expressed interest in large savings from the use of a different measure of inflation to reduce the annual cost-of-living adjustment in Social Security benefits. But Congressional Democrats have joined with lobbyists for older Americans to oppose the changes, saying that Social Security is not the cause of the deficit. " d; J! \& E. @" {0 G8 E . C3 ]6 M6 c" uTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。What the Republicans say Senator Tom Coburn of Oklahoma has said he supports the idea of an alternative measure of inflation,known as the chain-weighted version of the Consumer Price Index, on the ground that it is more accurate. Lobbyists for older Americans criticized this proposal, which could reduce federal spending by more than $110 billion over 10 years.4 X+ h! A- [& i! _
公仔箱論壇3 x- K( T- Q" t* N& D, u b' N Tax revenues % ^5 O1 B: _ X7 A/ y( { $ e6 n$ H4 ~/ U4 a; ?2 }1 D/ uIssue In 2001 and 2003, Congress passed tax cuts proposed by President George W. Bush,which were set to expire at the end of 2010. President Obama reached a deal with Republicans to extend the cuts at all income levels for two years. Whether to let the cuts expire for any income group and how to close corporate loopholes have been points of contention in the negotiations.5.39.217.76' `5 F. B! Q0 V3 S: h8 s
6 ?- V& T) F; D( @& Otvb now,tvbnow,bttvbWhat the Democrats say Mr. Obama has called for allowing the Bush tax cuts to expire for top earners, but noted that the change would not take effect before 2013. The White House has also proposed closing loopholes or other tax breaks for owners of corporate jets, oil and gas companies and hedge funds, changes that could raise about $130 billion. ) F) C5 t; I0 Ztvb now,tvbnow,bttvbtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb' `; z5 o/ j- @: r: J' a. H
L l4 d; }5 H* f2 j7 o- J5.39.217.76What the Republicans say Speaker John A. Boehner of Ohio had indicated willingness to consider $1 trillion in new revenue, with most of the money to be generated through an overhaul of the tax code. But he backed away from that plan when it drew criticism as a potential tax increase and he has declared any tax increases off the table.作者: felicity2010 時間: 2011-7-17 04:17 AM
本帖最後由 felicity2010 於 2011-7-17 04:19 AM 編輯 tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb: d/ V) Q* |2 t" P
公仔箱論壇! b+ z8 ^- X. `! Q! u House Republicans Plan Vote on Deficittvb now,tvbnow,bttvb4 t( \) }1 v3 D: ]1 F/ b
5 G' q6 S" {3 Jtvb now,tvbnow,bttvbBy CARL HULSE and ROBERT PEAR July 15, 2011 ' N0 R5 \2 k( X$ x3 \6 b3 L6 w Y5.39.217.765.39.217.761 q: J7 v/ k. b+ V9 m- B
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With budget negotiations with the White House stalled, Speaker John A. Boehner of Ohio said Friday that the House would vote next week on a three-part plan to cut the deficit, cap federal spending as a share of the economy and amend the Constitution to require a balanced budget., S6 q# h- q c# J
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The plan, which has a companion in the Senate, would represent the House position in the final stages of the debate as the federal government nears the limit of its borrowing power. While it would not appear to have a chance of passing the Democrat-controlled Senate, and President Obama is opposed, it could provide a legislative avenue to increasing the debt limit as it makes it way through Congress.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。1 _7 o: b' \- {: {( V' ^8 }# {
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The House Republican leader, Representative Eric Cantor of Virginia, said the House would move on its own because the president’s deficit-reduction proposals fell far short of what was needed.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb# n* D7 v2 D* V! \/ ]4 T& r
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In the budget blueprint passed by the House this year, Mr. Cantor said, “We sought$6.2 trillion in cuts over 10 years.’’ By contrast, he said, in debt negotiations at the White House this week, “the president and Democrats have offered perhaps $1.5 trillion of savings.’’5.39.217.76" O- ]1 A+ ^( n) U
, {! P3 w% y- i+ NMr.Cantor pushed back against Democratic complaints that the Republicans had not offered any concessions, but he said the Republicans would not permit federal spending to continue on its current trajectory. z6 d4 L, Q: _# @ W B) @4 T
9 x- z5 Q2 R0 r* n) L5.39.217.76“We are not going to allow this kind of spending to continue,’’ Mr. Cantor said.“We don’t have the money.’’ / [( K+ K! p4 x# D `- L3 i公仔箱論壇TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。9 L$ o1 K! p9 J! C: t8 X
Mr.Boehner left the door open to the compromise plan floated by the Senate Republican leader, Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, who has described his proposal as a last-ditch option. It would call for Congress to vote on whether or not to disapprove a debt limit increase, an approach that could avoid a government default by allowing Republicans to register their disapproval of the increase but still allowing it to pass. I; Y0 e4 K+ l# Y
# o, S9 |7 u0 n# ~! gtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb“We are far from the time for a last-ditch effort,’’ Mr. Boehner said, signaling that Congress still had many days and perhaps weeks of work to do on the debt.
