4 I' b s) A1 E7 [# d# ]5.39.217.76韋伯斯特的報導的第一句話就是：“一個創新性的貌似推特的網路平臺出現，成為中國政治和社會的一個重要的競技場。”（An innovative Twitter-like web platform has emerged as an important new arena for Chinese politics and society.） 5 o5 ~1 C+ g6 Q, k0 A! _公仔箱論壇, @ j6 N2 {* p8 y: G! K
既然是競技場，當然就必須有競技對手。現在在這個競技場上，競技雙方相互較力較得怎麼樣呢？ 7 x' q+ M+ \5 H1 o公仔箱論壇# ]7 Q6 p7 F2 U( t6 T# I, R i
《華盛頓郵報》記者基斯·裏奇伯格3月22日從北京發出了這樣一番描述： ]7 C' e) _" k( { p) A2 V& l T5 T+ ?- d7 }+ u2 @
“在一個大部分新聞媒體被政府控制、資訊發佈受到嚴格審查、自由的意見被嚴厲阻塞的國家，中國人轉向了一個新的平臺藉以公開地交換沒有枷鎖限制的新聞和觀點。這個平臺就是跟推特相似的微網志。# ?. |% p$ [9 N" i* t9 }& h3 t
7 o& k, h' L, d4 k* m5.39.217.76”中國網路資訊審查封鎖機構以其高效率而臭名昭著。但微網志似乎能搶先一步。中國有十幾個微網志網站，有一億兩千萬用戶，每小時發帖100萬。（美國的）臉譜網、YouTube等網站在中國被遮罩。英國廣播公司和美國有線電視新聞網的敏感廣播被黑掉。即使是包含‘茉莉花’和‘革命’等字眼短信也會被打回來，説是無法傳送。” ) a1 @+ h9 k" a4 `2 Y: {公仔箱論壇 & }# ?& ?5 i9 E% u, @" S# k“但微網志用戶常常參與網路空間中的自由辯論，談論中國一些最禁忌、政治最敏感的話題。”! S4 v( n+ X( |+ ^( C& ^+ t& J) _
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*陳年的舊聞變成火燙的新聞*' _4 x! Y' Y3 R0 I/ ~4 g, l
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就在美國之音記者寫這篇報導的時候，成千上萬的中國網民正在通過新浪微網志進行一場裏奇伯格所説的“網路空間中的自由辯論，談論中國一些最禁忌、政治最敏感的話題”，話題涉及的是中共最高領袖、中國國家主席胡錦濤。/ {6 `( }" H; D& K0 c
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引起這場熱辣談論的導火線，是一個名叫“香港新聞記者”的微網志用戶，在中國北京時間7月10日晚上10點半在自己的微網志貼出一條胡錦濤訪問日本橫濱一個小學校、跟日本學漢語的一些小學生對話的老新聞視頻。 8 J, U; Y& J/ u5.39.217.76 , ?0 b/ P5 T0 V那條老新聞發生在2008年5月9日下午。來自鳳凰網的那個視頻顯示，一個日本小男孩學生在教室中間起立，操著稚嫩的漢語問：TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。4 U6 v! s+ X% L
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“胡爺爺，你為什麼想當主席？”5.39.217.76& ]( c: N0 I1 N8 z1 ]. |
4 ^6 J: t- I8 V# j5.39.217.76胡錦濤笑容滿面地回答道：“我告訴你，我本人沒有想當主席。全國人民選了我，讓我當主席。我不應該辜負全國人民的期望。” 7 M X! ^" q! [# K7 ]5.39.217.76% M7 x8 M$ G6 }+ \8 l3 L. `
“香港新聞記者”的微網志把這條視頻上傳之後，立即在中國微網志用戶當中引起強烈反響。於是乎，通過微網志，一條關於胡錦濤的舊聞變成了具有爆炸性的新聞。公仔箱論壇' D* ?. y" u, j, v
SOURCE: The Economist - `) h; y% e/ t3 {6 }7 {公仔箱論壇 tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb: n; M3 U! k/ U" G+ c. d0 ` Breaching the great firewall公仔箱論壇& t" c# L, P2 j u, |' Z
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9 h) l$ \1 Q, V* F5.39.217.76Oct 28th 2010 1 ^6 O7 W: {5 ~ B3 G3 }TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 ! q1 j7 j. U) V; A. |5 MTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。! o9 x2 H# n, H7 @
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CHINA’S military mouthpiece, the Liberation Army Daily, is not a fan of microblogging. On October 19th it said Twitter had caused chaos during Iran’s political turmoil last year, and gave warning that such instant information-sharing tools posed “hidden dangers” to national security. Having blocked access to Twitter, however, China is encouraging home-grown versions. Both the government and its critics have become avid users. 公仔箱論壇" R( c0 d: h2 A+ r/ v4 t
: @& P4 U' J$ h5 h5.39.217.76 9 T- d+ L* {2 A# j: F1 k0 y公仔箱論壇Bloody ethnic riots in the far-western region of Xinjiang in July last year sealed the fate of Twitter and its domestic clones. The government, observing their growing popularity, feared that troublemakers in Xinjiang could use them to foment unrest. Since then Twitter has been available in China only to those with the skills to penetrate the Chinese internet’s “great firewall”. But the authorities quickly gave approval to new China-based microblogging services, or weibo, which employ armies of censors. In February even the Communist Party’s own mouthpiece, the People’s Daily, opened one. ; [! \* l7 Z4 d0 E L公仔箱論壇 公仔箱論壇' Y; @9 W% L3 g. l5 M
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The party’s all-powerful Publicity Department tells operators to filter postings for sensitive words. Their detection means automatic deletion. But dissidents are undeterred. News on October 8th that an imprisoned activist, Liu Xiaobo, had been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize spread quickly through domestic microblogs despite the authorities’ best efforts to block it. Users wrote homonyms for Mr Liu’s name, or abbreviations in Latin characters. 7 E5 \" i1 q6 ^/ [
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Since last year, weibo use has grown rapidly. Before it was closed last July, the most popular domestic provider, Fanfou, had acquired nearly a million subscribers in two years of operation. The new leading service, Sina Weibo, says it has gained more than 20m registered users since it was launched in August 2009. Last August China Youth News, a newspaper run by the ruling party’s Communist Youth League, reported that in a nationwide survey more than 45% of people under 40 said they were frequent weibo users. More than 94% said that weibo had changed their lives. - Z5 f! C; d2 n& D公仔箱論壇 ) n. k+ u9 Q' E5.39.217.76 tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb/ M! u5 g6 F: b! P. |3 G7 L. v- M
Hu Yong of Peking University estimates that more than 10m people are weibo regulars. In an article published abroad earlier this month, he claimed that the Chinese were world leaders in microblogging, using it for everything from “social resistance” to “mailing postcards to prisoners of conscience”. Mr Hu argued that this was promoting subtle social progress rather than lighting the fuse of a “Twivolution”, but he reckoned the phenomenon was nonetheless opening up “new possibilities for reshaping China’s authoritarian regime”.公仔箱論壇6 Z* o2 ^0 H% O2 P' q
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Many of the government’s most prominent critics have accounts on the blocked Twitter service as well as on weibo. One of them, Wen Yunchao (who has more than 32,000 Twitter followers), says he prefers to use weibo if he wants information to be picked up by domestic media. Some of China’s more aggressive journalists are also keen users. In September several tweeted live on the plight of two women who were hiding in an airport lavatory in Jiangxi province. Officials were trying to prevent them flying to Beijing to issue complaints to the central authorities. 1 L' X7 k3 d4 Z& xtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb / @9 l$ ]( `8 _5 n公仔箱論壇 ( M% p' O: J: v& E! m ]3 d4 a( ETVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。But the government clearly believes that weibo can be useful, too. Security officials can use it to monitor what dissidents are up to. This week a Twitter user in the south-western city of Chongqing was said to have been detained briefly after tweeting that she was preparing to raise a banner in support of Mr Liu, the Nobel prizewinner, during an anti-Japanese demonstration. Mid-ranking officials in Beijing are being trained at the city’s Communist Party school in the art of communicating with the public through weibo. 5.39.217.76& w& M& R) ]; z# ~" Z2 A
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Rebecca MacKinnon, an internet analyst, says anyone wanting to organise something “truly subversive” would not use microblogs anyway, since the government might be able to trace them. And if weibo become more threatening to the party, they can be shut down. In July China’s microblogging services relabelled themselves as “beta” versions, a possible hint that this was all just an experiment. 5.39.217.76$ y, P3 Q# |' m4 n( z
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SOURCE : THE WASHINGTON POST " f+ A" t/ z$ ]& ~ In China, microblogging sites become free-speech platform5.39.217.76: C4 o; U% Q* q( J/ y) C7 x( x
0 f3 ~! ]( J/ }$ n8 U! ^ 3 Q9 Z! z6 c! { z% J % e0 V, i2 g1 ^: f4 d (Nelson Ching/BLOOMBERG) - Sina Weibo is China's third-most visited Internet portal.5.39.217.76' O' `: e4 d4 i6 k
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7 A- G4 ^. D1 J2 E0 t3 t公仔箱論壇 7 A. V# A1 l" |+ g" Q# D/ u5 CBy Keith B. Richburg, Published: March 28 1 G9 v' G) P$ H: b/ U* g% U & V9 _# s: j4 W( J; P5.39.217.76 2 e8 _& i4 V. A9 l# j+ `& x
BEIJING — In a country where most media are controlled by the state, information is heavily censored and free-flowing opinions are sharply constricted, Chinese have turned to a new platform to openly exchange unfettered news and views: microblogs, similar to Twitter. 8 y7 H& T: Q! x& r + M* f3 ~9 M$ F$ a/ o# F+ W) H7 htvb now,tvbnow,bttvb 公仔箱論壇& R. B: u3 ?9 K
Microblogs — called “weibo” — seem to be one step ahead of China’s notoriously efficient censors, with a dozen microblogging sites, more than 120 million users and a million posts every hour. Web sites such as Facebook and YouTube are blocked in China. Sensitive broadcasts on BBC and CNN are blacked out. Even text messages with words such as “jasmine” and “revolution” may be bounced back as undeliverable.公仔箱論壇! T3 q; i8 i3 b* k. K
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But weibo users are regularly engaged in a virtual debating free-for-all, touching on some of the most off-limits or politically touchy topics. $ t! l+ y; i. Z' L9 S6 f + t4 A' P5 p2 v/ K# r" H+ l$ U4 T tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb+ V- q9 G4 m6 f4 _" W, G5 H" W
There are microblog comments on the uprisings in the Middle East — including questions on whether the popular unrest might spread to China. There is talk of political reform, including users posting and re-posting remarks by Premier Wen Jiabao calling for more openness. Even discussion of Tibet and the Dalai Lama are allowed., v5 y* O7 s( x+ m( N/ v- c6 `
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Still, posts involving the jailed dissident and Nobel Peace Prize winner Liu Xiaobo or the outlawed Falun Gong spiritual movement may be deleted or blocked from re-posting. “Weibo has become the public hall for people to discuss public affairs and formulate opinions,” said Hu Yong, associate professor of journalism at Peking University. “Weibo has become the most prominent place for free speech in China.”2 J8 c$ V; Y! x; |( _+ S0 y
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In democratic countries, “people have various channels to express their opinions, like through the media, the judicial system, in general elections and even through the petition process,” Hu said. “But in China, since all the other channels of free expression are blocked, the opinion function of weibo has become more important and prominent.” 8 ]: ~6 k" o* O3 B `3 I4 { 5 e$ w" f/ b+ F- Ztvb now,tvbnow,bttvb 5.39.217.76# m) Z3 P1 Q) j1 O/ D+ P
It isn’t that the authorities have suddenly discovered a new tolerance for free speech, Hu said. The weibo-using community is growing so fast, the 140-character posts go out so quickly and the technology is so new that they have been unable to keep up. 7 W& O6 }$ c5 u# L* D: S3 Rtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb - R0 H5 f; _4 J% D# H
. S6 f, l n6 K/ |The government, meanwhile, is trying to stay ahead of the trend. Local Communist Party bosses, propaganda department officials, municipal police departments and the provincial party chief in Xinjiang have recently launched microblogs. 0 v8 G& C- x' X# r1 O f3 `9 W+ g, S tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb6 U4 ~7 A5 W5 @5 s. p: f
& F1 i* |5 [$ H) K* f1 R" ^Chen Tong, executive vice president and editor in chief of Sina.com, China’s largest information Web site running the country’s most widely used weibo, said he persuaded 100 members of China’s parliament to open microblogging accounts during their annual March meeting in Beijing.5.39.217.761 ~5 x6 Y. b2 z# T5 }# M7 A
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( k/ l1 m/ v+ Y# b( ~TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。Still, the number of government officials with weibo accounts remains low. Singers, entertainers and athletes are the most popular microbloggers, attracting as many as 10 million fan-followers each. * x. s2 x; Q1 GTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。With Twitter blocked in China, several imitators sprang up. But microblogging exploded here only in 2010, experts said. - t! B5 f9 [% x' H V; m+ o+ D 3 m, X+ {8 m/ R+ }) F # c& x7 p: w9 l3 c" Otvb now,tvbnow,bttvbThe power of microblogging was dramatically illustrated last month by Peng Gaofeng, whose 3-year-old son was abducted in March 2008 in Shenzhen. Peng, 32, spent three years searching for the boy and was told by police to give up. But after a friend posted the boy’s picture on his microblog, Peng got a tip on Feb. 1 from Jiangsu province about a boy there who resembled his son. Soon, the father and son were reunited.% s! Z: N( L2 _
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1 s6 U8 x5 w9 N+ [' }$ N公仔箱論壇About the same time, sociologist Yu Jianrong started a microblog called “Taking snapshots to rescue child beggars.” Yu asked followers to photograph beggars and post them to the account. By late February, his campaign had attracted 240,000 followers.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb" a! D0 Z- ~% ~1 b5 Z( v
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4 c2 r$ H$ r/ x$ y) C2 MTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。Police have solved some cases with the help of microblogs, and citizens have exposed instances of official corruption or foul play. Weibo has also been used to mobilize Chinese to donate money to people in need.1 ?# }* t( C* Z1 K6 R+ t
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“In civil society, in community involvement, weibo is playing a role like no other organization can play,” said Xu Xiaoping, a businessman and avid microblogger with 1.5 million followers. “Weibo gives people power.” , ~6 t* t/ J6 X% a5.39.217.76 0 N( `, b9 J- p/ ]7 d! D+ k公仔箱論壇 5 |* k/ P& N) R8 @* mChina’s creative entrepreneurs have also been busy. Around Valentine’s Day, bloggers — inspired by the campaign to rescue beggars — started a site to help singles find mates. They called their microblog “Taking snapshots to rescue bachelors and spinsters.” E5 x' M _/ n9 \& J8 U9 w/ C ; R" y6 _' N* H+ R; bTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。7 T$ E" |: Z/ H& z) l' H
But weibo’s power in shaping public opinion and its potential for social organizing have attracted the most attention. “Weibo is not only the place for people to express themselves, but also the place where people organize together,” Hu said.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb k0 p2 j4 x7 {
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Xie Gengyun, a professor at Shanghai Jiaotong University, recently completed a report on microblogging and said weibo is the most popular choice for trustworthy information, ahead of newspapers, online forums and blogs.3 T/ c. T2 X) w# @
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' w! H" Z" M. N( ~- l6 Z- Y1 c0 vtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb“Weibo is changing the structure of the public opinions in China,” Xie said. “In the past, the public agenda or hot topics were decided by the elite and by the journalists. The public cared about what they cared about. But right now, the situation is changing. Weibo has conquered the dominant position in shaping public opinion.” - q9 X, {. j' k5 K: ~5.39.217.76 - m& d& [; _4 j9 Q! D WResearcher Zhang Jie contributed to this report.公仔箱論壇' z9 F8 ]7 y7 k& G1 W4 P3 i& _) M
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(Nelson Ching/BLOOMBERG) - Sina Weibo is China's third-most visited Internet portal.5.39.217.76' O' `: e4 d4 i6 k