4 W/ N0 e4 P7 \) v( |$ }0 h T5.39.217.76“中國開始五年一度的‘地方人代會’選舉。沒有得到共産黨及其政府所屬團體推薦卻表示要競選的獨立候選人急劇增加。全國人民代表大會法制工作委員會在8日表示，‘獨立候選人沒有法律根據。’中國當局懼怕批判一黨獨裁體制的勢力擴大，決意強化候選人資格審查。” 0 U2 I) I/ J1 r9 Y7 m) b 9 j9 t$ E& u" S/ A5 GTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。“政府內部也有一些改革派(對獨立候選人參選)表示歡迎。國家行政學院教授竹立家在接受中國報紙採訪的時候表示，‘這表示國民參政意識高漲。’與此同時，多數保守派則對此感到憂心忡忡。管理中國國內媒體的中共中央宣傳部5月末發出通知，禁止報導獨立候選人。中共機關報系列的報紙對獨立候選人施加強烈的鉗制，説‘在現行體制下，歐美那樣的獨立候選人和中國的獨立候選人是完全不同的。’”0 n8 e% z3 F1 D
) H3 x: m. e, J“地方當局也害怕獨立候選人勢力增加，以及獨立候選人當選之後相互聯合，於是強化了控制限制措施。在江西省新餘市渝水區人代會選舉過程中，一個被工廠解雇的女子的候選資格遭否認，理由是她過去曾經陳情過。在投票日臨近之際，當局又以‘擾亂公共秩序’為理由對她實行軟禁。她宣佈要參加競選之後，受到暴力對待。當局對獨立候選人不斷進行騷擾。”TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。& a& q1 s) y6 G( v. d
* n( n8 {/ `0 w* e+ ]tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb“一般認為，共産黨政權採取的方針是，在資格審查階段就把獨立候選人打掉。在網際網路上，不斷有人發出批評説，‘(中國共産)黨是暴政獨裁，’‘中國的民主選舉是笑話。’雖然要求省和全國人代會實行直接選舉的國民不斷增加，但通向民主選舉的道路陡峭而險峻。”5.39.217.76' _! p6 b% S* C% x) n. I. R
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*我説選誰就選誰* : w1 Q6 B `% W" @! f+ Ctvb now,tvbnow,bttvb公仔箱論壇$ n( }( N: i, [; v, p# g9 P" k
英國《經濟學家》雜誌一向以語言俏皮和犀利著稱。6月16日，該雜誌發表從北京發出的有關中國獨立候選人問題的一篇報導，模倣中共當局的口吻説，“我説選誰就選誰”（Vote as I say），並以此作為報導的標題。這篇按該雜誌的慣例沒有署名的報導説， " t7 w2 l* K2 Y5.39.217.76; n, K; S2 O4 N+ I; I
“中國有一家比較吸引眼球的報紙歡呼最近幾十位中國公民通過網際網路推出自己作為獨立候選人參加即將舉行的地方選舉。該報把這種舉動稱作‘民主的實彈演練。’然而，共産黨官員對此卻一點也高興不起來，因為他們被阿拉伯世界的民眾起義和中國許多省份的騷動弄得膽戰心驚。先前由黨來精心安排的選舉過場，如今突然遭遇來自網際網路的新挑戰。” * g" j- \$ ]; c) ^: f/ y% n & d' X6 u" l+ RTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。“中國多層的議會體制最低層的選舉是中國公民可以直接選舉立法者的唯一的選舉。但是，黨喜歡確保萬無一失。從理論上説，只要一個公民獲得10個選民的提名就可以（作為候選人）參加選舉。但在實際上，黨通常要確保只有得到它認可的候選人才能上候選人的名單。一般中國人經常把所謂的各級‘人民代表大會’稱作裝飾性的‘花瓶。’” 3 G4 Q1 J/ _% q/ ?& m5.39.217.76. F. ^% q" D! i
“6月8日，（中國）政府以國營的新華社訪談的形式透露出對選舉的極度不安和緊張。最高層的全國人民代表大會一位無名無姓的官員説，獨立候選人沒有'法律依據'，並暗示當局將不會容忍沒有經過批准的競選。”) ]- {$ l. ]' u4 [- b* P0 S
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*中國人還不完全是行屍走肉*公仔箱論壇4 I; k5 u! B$ I; }! L6 d2 z5 `
6 \2 P6 o) K( v0 x法國主要報紙《世界報》6月15日發表社論，題目是“中國模式陷入各種矛盾之中。”該社論展示出與《經濟學家》雜誌所不同的另一種犀利和俏皮，凸顯出冷峻低調的英國式幽默和張揚激情的法國式幽默的差異。《世界報》的社論説， 3 m/ H7 n9 ^8 p" T公仔箱論壇7 l1 E- i9 c$ W9 n% a9 @3 k% I
“中國社會在沸騰。官方新聞媒體當中所説的‘群體事件，’即騷動和其他示威近來大大增加。中國人常常是除了訴諸集體的暴力之外沒有其他渠道表達他們的憤怒。在一個人口接近15億的國家，其居民在過去30年當中經歷了中國那樣的迅疾而深刻的變革，那裏的人民居然還不是清一色的行屍走肉，這毫不奇怪，甚至可説是令人欣慰。然而，最近這些‘群體事件’的規模和強度向人們提出了另一個問題，這就是中國模式的局限性。” $ `5 i6 _* L/ Ftvb now,tvbnow,bttvb- c# P% d* e( Q+ _. K; `
“一系列因素結合起來，促成了中國社會內部的緊張。經濟增長的需求，把千百萬民工吸引到城市。現代的底層無産者的生活條件極其艱難，從而為這些‘群體事件’提供了第一批生力軍。受過良好教育的城市青年中産階級出現，形成了一個借助網際網路而消息靈通的群體。這個群體越來越不肯容忍不公、腐敗、不義之財、警察執法犯法。他們關注生活品質、環境、私人財産以及食品安全。” $ b0 s% y& u# |6 K Y8 T # H8 _5 m6 q1 h. r' `$ O: p“當前這種緊張局面加劇有一個好處，這就是它越來越清晰地顯示出兩個陣營的分界線。一個是保守派陣營，一個是改革派陣營。頭一個陣營似乎佔了上風，一些異議人士被逮捕，其中包括藝術家艾未未。保守派還四面出擊到處鎮壓。然而，‘群體事件’此伏彼起，顯示了這種鎮壓徒勞無功。”公仔箱論壇2 e, {- V" _7 E, B$ Y% `
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“改革派也在抬頭。在獨立的律師被打壓下去的情況下，地方選舉的一代候選人應運而生。這些人常常是青年記者，他們試圖突破重圍，另辟一條合法蹊徑，利用現行體制來改革中國模式，從而讓它發揮作用。這些人有勇氣，也有一個強大的盟友，這就是中國版的推特即微網志。為了中國，為了全世界，我們祝願他們成功。”TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。+ X3 N+ R" ?( O1 I. d
本帖最後由 aa00 於 2011-6-21 09:42 AM 編輯 3 ]( j% U h) l1 a' Xtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb, F! l5 s2 p' a) O6 ^; ^
英國《經濟學家》雜誌 + z8 i* E2 T$ D4 J7 OTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 8 F% f, p: x9 u- U! f; M5.39.217.76 公仔箱論壇/ M- g5 ]7 H) ?, z$ l/ w; Z& v The Economist公仔箱論壇, l0 W9 W" `5 D( m9 P/ V B; D( A
TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。! T" @/ W6 w" b
, V0 B* w7 X/ G) NVote as I sayTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。' D6 {2 D' f) y7 O
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Independent candidates for elections appear to be a spontaneous step too far for the Communist Party ) g1 I/ `# b: q; O5.39.217.76 % z6 k. x5 J, d3 j( Z4 EJun 16th 2011 | BEIJING | from the print edition 5 p& q* ?+ `1 C# _1 X* hTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。9 l" N* [7 h+ v4 a
& i) k, b8 R3 `公仔箱論壇 & w+ E4 p* O4 E4 H C" s 2 F' s- |& W+ `! v( k" otvb now,tvbnow,bttvb“A LIVE-FIRE exercise in democracy” is how one of China’s sparkier newspapers hailed a recent move by dozens of citizens to promote themselves online as independent candidates in forthcoming local elections. Communist Party officials, unnerved by Arab revolutions and sporadic unrest in the provinces, are far less jubilant. Voting rituals long choreographed by the party suddenly face a new challenge from the internet. 5.39.217.76; k7 O1 Z# R) J
3 d2 Q; ?! l- k4 ]3 i+ k公仔箱論壇Elections at the lowest tier of China’s multi-layered parliamentary structure are the only ones in which citizens can directly vote for their legislators. But the party likes to leave nothing to chance. Citizens can, in theory, stand for election with support from ten fellow constituents. In practice, the party usually ensures that only its endorsed candidates make it to the shortlist. Ordinary Chinese often refer to the “people’s congresses”, as the legislatures are called, as mere ornamental “flower vases”. 公仔箱論壇' U# j5 _. d% v; x5 E2 Y/ ]5 Q
6 Z% c/ \* | S1 }- o2 {7 J公仔箱論壇So a flurry of internet-fuelled enthusiasm for such polls has attracted considerable attention, including in some state-owned media (to the disquiet of propaganda officials, say Chinese journalists). Li Fan of the World and China Institute in Beijing, thinks that more than 100 people have declared themselves as candidates in recent weeks for elections for people’s congresses that are due to be held around the country in the coming months. They have mustered support using microblogging tools such as Sina Weibo, a hugely popular Twitter-like service. ( {* r/ ~) L3 z9 m ; v( A& g4 _4 H/ w" A, AEven a hint of spontaneity in legislative elections can make the party squirm. In 1980 the first experiment with such polls led to heated campaigns on campuses. Officials intervened to block outspoken candidates from winning seats. Six years later, attempts to exclude independent candidates from local elections prompted student protests. The crackdown on the Tiananmen Square unrest in 1989 all but ended activists’ efforts at the ballots until 2003, when a slightly more liberal atmosphere encouraged dozens from the newly emerging middle classes to run. But when elections were held three years later, the party stifled media coverage. ! c( c0 D. o. h6 I( r `: @公仔箱論壇, N i" K8 j: {; v" }
Now, despite a sweeping crackdown on dissent this year involving the arrest of dozens of activists, the party is finding it harder to impose silence. A surge in online social networking has enabled citizens to connect instantly with vast numbers of like-minded people. Intellectuals and journalists with high profiles online are among those who have declared their candidacies. Li Chengpeng, an author and social critic in Sichuan province, has more than 3m followers of his Sina Weibo account. In a message posted on June 15th Mr Li wrote that a policeman had said he would vote for him, with many fellow officers wanting to follow suit.公仔箱論壇. e" w- b$ M$ H$ T( a6 I
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The emergence of these candidates has coincided with a spate of local disturbances in different parts of the country. They make the party, which is preparing to celebrate its 90th birthday on July 1st, all the more anxious. In Zengcheng, a town in Guangdong province that manufactures jeans, thousands of police appear to have quelled days of rioting which broke out on June 10th after an altercation between security guards and a migrant street vendor. This came after rioting in Lichuan in Hubei province over the death in police custody of a local legislator and anti-corruption campaigner. In late May a man with grievances against the government in Fuzhou, Jiangxi province, blew up himself and two others, prompting an outpouring of sympathy on the internet. Xu Chunliu, a self-proclaimed candidate in Beijing, who has 12,000-plus Sina Weibo followers, says such incidents have encouraged some to venture into politics. Better, he says, to battle it out in parliament than on the streets.0 s% ~" N8 W* \ p9 |" I1 V
% j) ^0 e) P6 gTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。On June 8th the government revealed its jitteriness about elections in an interview by the state-run news agency, Xinhua, with an unnamed official of the National People’s Congress, the apex of the legislative hierarchy. The official said independent candidates had “no legal basis” and hinted that campaigning in non-approved settings would not be tolerated. But the official did not rule out the possibility that independents could run. A harder-hitting commentary appeared in Global Times, a Beijing newspaper. By soliciting votes through the internet, it said, independent candidates “could destroy the operating rules of Chinese society”. It urged them to “return from microblogging to reality”.公仔箱論壇7 t2 H) y+ P* x/ a( P# R9 h* |
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Mid-May elections for the people’s congress in Xinyu, a city in Jiangxi province, underlined the difficulties independents can face. Liu Ping (pictured above), a retired worker with more than 31,000 online followers, tried to run but was disqualified, apparently because of her labour activism. Her home was later raided by police, who detained her for several days. Ms Liu’s microblog postings about her experiences aroused sympathy among internet users and helped launch the recent wave of independent candidacies. + R5 R( Y+ U( u7 G+ c+ }% ~/ x) W公仔箱論壇 0 B: j" @7 D6 f( zThe party is not united, though. On June 13th Study Times, a newspaper published by the Communist Party’s top academy for party officials, argued in defence of independent candidates. China, it said, had failed sufficiently to emphasise the right to get elected. The newspaper said the idea that “you can only be a representative if we let you be a representative” was a “serious violation of socialist democratic principles”. The party, it appears, has some internal differences of its own to resolve. 5.39.217.768 D- }# T5 K* [& U' ^+ x
4 g" P* w. P! Y Q9 C3 Y& T( t. R公仔箱論壇 7 \7 j# P$ d) A( H作者: aa00 時間: 2011-6-21 09:13 AM
6 r' h, r+ _8 p9 u6 M4 S. |8 z; ?2 t% @# U. R' Q* M, B7 G Le Monde 4 _# N# Z: n6 Y8 g+ u) }6 @, m! G" D! U4 f2 N; E
. }- Q6 w- [; ]9 G }9 jtvb now,tvbnow,bttvbEditorial du "Monde" 公仔箱論壇* {% R, g9 W( v2 P3 b0 A+ E' U* X
3 T/ S: a7 d. c9 YLe modèle chinois pris dans ses contradictions tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb A; Q: k) Z. d c1 h6 m, W
, W! f# M3 h* M6 t' k& R0 u o( c% Y( i- h 15.06.11 | 13h29 • Mis à jour le 15.06.11 | 13h29 0 K5 o2 H f/ w2 U3 p' ?+ d5 n3 `, p5 m' V: c: x' ]: Y7 I
La société chinoise bouillonne. Les "incidents de masse" - nom de code désignant, dans les médias officiels, les émeutes et autres manifestations de colère d'une population qui n'a souvent pas d'autre moyen d'expression que la violence collective - se sont multipliés de façon spectaculaire ces derniers temps. ; o3 L, _" T& O: U+ o& V% J6 N5.39.217.76! E4 k# g' d: V- l7 y- W, C
5 n h- M% C' _# d. k7 ]+ [5.39.217.76Il n'y a, certes, rien d'étonnant à ce que, dans un pays de près d'un milliard et demi d'habitants soumis à des transformations aussi rapides et aussi profondes que celles que connaît la Chine depuis trente ans, la population ne soit pas d'une passivité totale. C'est même plutôt rassurant. Mais l'ampleur et l'intensité qu'ont revêtues récemment ces "incidents de masse" posent une autre question, celle des limites du modèle chinois.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb& @ m! C+ I; V+ {- ^0 o; L, E
5 k: M: l/ K" ] W. W2 A公仔箱論壇Une conjonction de facteurs favorise les tensions au sein de la société chinoise. Les exigences de la croissance ont drainé vers les villes des millions de travailleurs migrants, Lumpenproletariat moderne aux conditions de vie extrêmement difficiles : ils fournissent les premiers bataillons à ces "incidents de masse". L'émergence d'une classe moyenne de jeunes urbains à bon niveau d'éducation a produit une catégorie de population bien informée par Internet, qui tolère de moins en moins les inégalités, la corruption, les richesses mal acquises, les bavures policères. Ils se préoccupent de la qualité de la vie, de l'environnement, de la propriété privée et de la sécurité alimentaire.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb I) J9 ^# w% o" m* W/ _9 Z1 v# D4 Z- B
) Z1 U* o: l& ^9 v0 g: A* _7 x9 PLes effets pervers de l'impressionnant modèle économique chinois - dette cachée, poussée inflationniste - sont de plus en plus évidents : avec un indice de la hausse des prix à la consommation de 5,5 % en mai, l'inflation vient d'atteindre son plus fort taux depuis trois ans. 0 V8 p3 S" V$ N# Etvb now,tvbnow,bttvb 8 B1 F7 w' a6 ]/ k- x3 c- \/ @0 c2 N公仔箱論壇A cette pression socio-économique s'ajoutent deux motifs de grande tension politique : la perspective du renouvellement de plus de la moitié de la direction du Parti communiste chinois, dont le président, Hu Jintao, et le premier ministre, Wen Jiabao, en 2012, et le vent de contestation que souffle le "printemps arabe", si lourd de menaces que l'appareil répressif chinois a cru bon de supprimer le mot "jasmin" des moteurs de recherche !公仔箱論壇' T" G- i& _! P; ]# J
: {% G$ o2 E6 ]9 n) y% O" C) `4 ML'intérêt de la montée de la tension actuelle est qu'elle fait apparaître, de plus en plus clairement, une ligne de partage entre deux camps, celui des conservateurs et celui des réformateurs. Le premier a paru prendre l'avantage, avec l'arrestation de nombreux opposants, dont l'artiste Ai Weiwei, et une vague de répression tous azimuts. La recrudescence des "incidents de masse", cependant, montre que cela ne résout rien. ' w% z9 q/ E. z1 [9 _' a# ^公仔箱論壇! n Z9 e& m0 O" i0 P7 A4 F% j$ i
Les réformateurs relèvent la tête. Prenant le relais des avocats indépendants désormais neutralisés, une génération de candidats aux élections locales, souvent de jeunes journalistes, tente d'ouvrir une autre brèche par une approche légaliste, en utilisant le système pour réformer le modèle chinois et lui permettre de fonctionner. Ils ont du courage et un puissant allié : Weibo, le Twitter chinois. Pour la Chine et pour le reste du monde, il faut souhaiter qu'ils réussissent. TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 P% W" }# q1 ?- R/ M3 _+ k+ @
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Article paru dans l'édition du 16.06.11
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15.06.11 | 13h29 • Mis à jour le 15.06.11 | 13h29