[attach]1051920[/attach] q9 u( C2 A" W3 f6 A/ k8 Z 科學家今天表示,構成肉眼所見宇宙的基本物質「質子」,比過去認為的還小。這等於對亞原子理論界投下震撼彈。 R+ U8 L: @+ z( S* d* T8 Itvb now,tvbnow,bttvb 0 T7 i+ j* j. q, v根據刊載於英國「自然」(Nature)科學期刊並登上封面的這項研究,比較精確地修正估算後,質子的半徑比原先所知減少4%。tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb! s1 q% r& J& _: z" Z3 ^, L9 V
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差別看來不大,尤其質子的體積極小。5.39.217.76/ K" G) d4 ~9 T
& v+ x5 C$ a0 l9 [) C+ Stvb now,tvbnow,bttvb但報告執筆者表示,進一步實驗證實的結果,可能會對量子電動力學的基本準則形成質疑。量子電動力學是光量子如何與物質互動的理論。! k: h8 h r3 T' ?* Q7 V3 p
, d! h& L, T8 ]3 g8 ctvb now,tvbnow,bttvb馬克斯普朗克協會(Max Planck Institute)人員波爾(Randolf Pohl)領導的32人國際科學團隊,原先只想確認已知的結果,而非推翻由來已久的假設。該協會位於德國加興(Garching)。公仔箱論壇; D( Y2 X# ~+ L. e, t- }1 y
$ w/ `+ |- j/ t. }9 V D數十年來,粒子物理學家以氫原子作為基準來衡量質子的大小。質子為原子核的一部分。公仔箱論壇$ R, n& e& [5 }2 _& G6 T
TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。3 q5 S w/ g& O% z: U9 S
氫的優點是最簡單不過,由1個電子圍繞單一質子構成。但若上述研究報告無誤,這種測量單位就證實存在雖小但影響重大的誤差。5.39.217.76* E, E7 ~* n- g
The result is yet to be validated. QED (量子電動力學) is one of the best-tested and precise theories constructed by Richard Feynman. It calculates the size of proton based on Lamb shift, a kind of spectroscopy. However it is the first time muonic hydrogen is used in experiment, there may be possible flaw being overlooked. Besides, there are many theories involved in the conversion from Lamb shift to proton size. In the coming weeks, physicists would pore over the details of the experiment, making sure there are no mistake. If it is proved to be correct, a rethinking of the theories in conversion may be necessary.